Privi Life Sciences - Crop Journal Yam

Yams

Crop Category

Vegetables

Applicable Product

Description

Yam plants are herbaceous annual or perennials with climbing or trailing vines.

It is also known as white yam or greater yam.

It is originated in originated in South-East Asia.

It is also grown in Caribbean region, West Africa, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines and Vietnam.

In India it is cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Pondicherry, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram and the Andaman & Nicobar.

Taxonomic Classification

Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Liliales
Family: Dioscoreaceae
Genus: Dioscorea
Species: alata

Economically Important Part

Tubers are the most economically important part of yams.

Conditions for Cultivation

Plants grow best in lowland tropical areas up to an elevation of 1,000 meters with a temperature around 26 - 34˚C.

A total rainfall of 1,000 - 1,500mm is ideal for its growth.

Plants are not frost tolerant.

For best yields, this species requires a deep, well-drained, sandy loam that is not liable to water-logging.

It also grows well in medium to clay loam soil.

Prefers a pH in the range 5.5 - 6.5 and can also tolerate pH 4.8 - 8.5.

Major Challenges

Biotic Causes
- Major pest: Mealy bug and White scale insects
- Major Diseases: Anthracnose, Yam mosaic disease, Leaf spot and Crown gall.
Abiotic Causes - Kisuji, Chilling injury and Chlorosis.

Crop Schedule

Crop Stage	Products	Dosage	Method Of Application	Benefits
Basal fertilizer	Geoxol.COM	15 kg / hectare / application with basal fertilizer, if soil organic carbon (more than / equal to 0.5%) and bulk density (less than or equal to 1.6 g / cm3)	Soil Application	Rejuvenates soil for sustainable growth of crops
3-4 weeks after transplanting / planting / sowing	Mycoxol4G	5 g per liter of water	Soil Drenching	Reduces incidence of soil borne diseases. Improves availability of phosphorous and other micronutrients
Deficiency of Zinc	Nutrin Zn	1 g per liter of water, repeat application if required	Foliar Application	Corrects Zinc deficiency
Deficiency of Iron	Nutrin Fe	1 g per liter of water, repeat application if required	Foliar Application	Corrects Iron deficiency
Vegetative Growth	PeakMAX	2 ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Improves vegetative growth and reduces disease pressure
Vegetative Growth	PeakMAX	2 ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Improves vegetative growth and reduces disease pressure
Vegetative Growth	Privid	3 ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Promotes vegetative growth
Vegetative Growth	Nutrin Combo	1-2ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Optimizes nutritional status
Tuber / bulb / rhizome initiation	Silixol OSA	2 g / ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Reduces impact of abiotic stress
Tuber / bulb / rhizome development	CalSi-B++	1 g per liter of water	Foliar Application	Corrects nutrient deficiency
Tuber / bulb / rhizome development	PeakMAX	2 ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Reduces disease incidence
Tuber / bulb / rhizome development	Nutrin Combo	2 ml per liter of water	Foliar Application	Optimizes nutritional status

Deficiency of Iron	Nutrin Fe 12%	650 g / hectare / application, if soil Fe (less than 4.5 ppm),repeat application is recommended based on deficiency. Suitable for foliar sprays for crops grown on all types of soil.	Foliar spray	Corrects Iron deficiency
Deficiency of Iron	Nutrin Fe EDDHA 6%	2.5-5.0 kg / hectare / application, if soil Fe (less than 4.5 ppm),repeat application is recommended based on deficiency. Suitable for calcerous soils with pH above 7.5	Soil application	Corrects Iron deficiency
Deficiency of Boron	Nutrin Boron 20%	650 g / hectare / application, if soil Fe (less than 25 ppm),repeat application is recommended based on deficiency	Foliar spray	Corrects Boron deficiency
After 15-20 days of crop establishment	Mycoxol 4G	500 g/hectare/application, if soil pH (less than or equal to 7.5) and availble P (more than 15 kg/ha) - if fertigation is available	Soil application	Reduces incidence of soil borne diseases, improves availability of phosphorous and other micronutrients
After 15-20 days of crop establishment	Mycoxol Granules	10-20 Kg/ha/application, depending upon soil properties - if crop is on flood irrigation	Soil application	Reduces incidence of soil borne diseases, improves availability of phosphorous and other micronutrients

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