Fig is a deciduous tree or shrub grown for its edible fruit and has originated from Western Asia.

Major Fig growing countries in the world are Turkey, Egypt, Morocco, Iran, Algeria, Greece, Syria, United States and Spain.

Major Fig growing states in India are Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu

• Kingdom:  Plantae
• Division: Magnoliophyta
• Class:  Magnoliopsida
• Order: Urticales
• Family: Moraceae
• Genus: Ficus
• Species: carica

Fruits are the most economically important part of Fig cultivation

Fig being a deciduous and sub tropical tree, prefers areas having arid or semiarid environment, high summer temperature, plenty of sunshine and moderate water.

Figs can survive temperature as high 45°C, though the fruit quality deteriorates beyond 39°C. 

It grows well when the temperature is above 15°C to 21°C

Figs are one of the most salt and drought tolerant crops.

They can tolerate a fairly high level of sulphate or chloride salt. 

Medium to heavy, calcareous, well drained, deep soil having pH of 7-8 is ideally suitable cultivation of Fig

• The major challenges involve Biotic Abiotic causes.
• Biotic Causes:
  • Major Pests: Mites, June Beetle, Stem Borer, Fruit Flies and Thrips.
    
  • Major Diseases: Alternaria Rot, Aspergillus Rot, Botrytis Limb Blight, Smut and Fig Rust.
• Abiotic Causes:
  • Fruit Drop
  • Die-back